Kategorija: Izdanja

Reduction of pain in patients with lumbar syndrome

SUMMARY

Low back pain (LBP) can interfere with an individual’s ability to work, have a meaningful and active social life, and negatively affects overall quality of life. In recent years, new approaches have been considered as alternative treatments for LBP. Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is one of these new approaches to acute LBP treatment. Still, recent studies have found contradicting results in terms of the effectiveness of such alternative therapies. This study aimed to compare the effect of SMT in combination with standard physical therapy (SPT) versus SPT alone to treat chronic LBP. A randomized, controlled, parallel group trial was undertaken. A total of 66 subjects were enrolled in the study. The intervention consisted of adding two consecutive SMT two days apart followed by SPT for a total period of one month. The main outcome measure was perceived level of pain intensity. Results showed that both interventions were moderately effective in managing pain and disability in patients with chronic LBP, but that the addition of a SMT seemed to add minimal supplemental benefit to standard treatment.

KEY WORDS: LBP, manipulative, physical therapy, exercise

SAŽETAK

Bol u donjem dio leda (BDDL) može ometati na sposobnost pojedinca za rad, da ima smislen i aktivan društveni život, i negativno utječe na ukupnu kvalitetu života. U posljednjih nekoliko godina, novi pristupi promatraju se kao alternativni tretmani za BDDL. Spinalna manipulativna terapija (SMT) je jedan od tih novih pristupa u akutno liječenje BDDL. Ipak, nedavna studija pokazala kontradiktorne rezultate u smislu učinkovitosti takvih alternativnih terapija. U ovoj studiji cilj je usporediti utjecaj SMT u kombinaciji sa standardne fizioterapije (SFT) u usporedbi samo sa SFT za liječenje kronične BDDL. Uradili smo randomiziranu, kontrolirana usporedba, dvije paralelnih grupa. Ukupno 66 ispitanika su bili upisani u studiju. Intervencije se sastojala od dva uzastopna SMT odvojena dva dana po koje je slijedila SFT za ukupno razdoblje od mjesec dana. Glavni metod mjerenja je bila razina intenziteta boli. Rezultati su pokazali da obje intervencije su umjereno učinkovit u upravljanju boli i invalidnosti u bolesnika s kroničnom BDDL, ali dodatkom na SMT se činilo da daje minimalnu prednost na standardno liječenje.

Nastavi čitati Reduction of pain in patients with lumbar syndrome

Uticaj muzike na nivo anksioznosti oboljelih od karcinoma pluća tokom apliciranja hemoterapije

The impact of music on the anxiety level of patients with lung cancer after administration of chemotherapy

SAŽETAK

UVOD: Jedan od najučestalijih načina liječanja karcinoma pluća je hemoterapija. Hemoterapijski tretmani su veoma često agresivni, a supstance koje koriste su neselektivne i izazivaju niz neželjenjenih efekata. Pored fizičke težine, doživljaj neudobnosti može stvoriti poteškoće, emocionalni nemir i djelovati emocionalno traumatski. Opuštajuća ili „sedativ“ muzika, koju karakteriše spor tempo, ponavljajući ritam, blage konture, često se koristi kada se pokušava smanjiti anksioznost.

CILJ: Svrha ovog istraživanja je da se ispita terapijski uticaj muzike kao dio sestrinske intervencije, na nivo anksioznosti i razinu negativne reakcije kod bolesnika sa karcinomom pluća u toku apliciranja hemoterapije.

MATERIJAL I METODE: U ispitivanje su uključene dvije grupe, po 25 ispitanika(N-50). Svi ispitanici su zbog osnovnog tumorskog procesa na plućima primali hemoterapiju. Jedna grupa je u toku apliciranja hemoterapije slušala laganu muziku (ispitivana grupa), dok je druga grupa hemoterapiju primala u tišini (kontrolna grupa). Za objektiviziranje rezultata korištena je skala subjektivne ocjene(VAS), kojom su testirani: anksioznost, strah, briga, umor, udobnost i opuštenost. Ocjenjivanje se vršilo pomoću posebno dizajniranog upitnika za pred i post testiranje za obje grupe.

REZULTATI: Anksioznost koja je u obje grupe bila niža nakon hemoterapije, znatno manja je bila u grupi koja je slušala laganu muziku. Muzika nije značajno uticala na osjećaj umora i udobnosti. Na muziku su se značajno smanjili strah i briga, a povećao osjećaj opuštenosti.

ZAKLJUČAK: S obzirom da je muzika kao terapija neinvazivna i nefarmakološka metoda, jednostavna, jeftina a učinkovita, njena upotreba kao dio sestrinske intervencije može se preporučiti kao prikladan pristup za pacijente oboljele od karcinoma pluća tokom apliciranja hemoterapije.

KLJUČNE RIJEČI: karcinom pluća, hemoterapija, sestrinske intervencije, muzikoterapija

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION:Chemotherapy is one of the most common treatments for lung cancer. Chemotherapy treatments are often very aggressive, and substances used are non-selective and can induce side effects. In addition to the physical weight, experience discomfort may create difficulties, emotional turmoil and act emotionally traumatic. Relaxing or “sedative” music, which is characterized by a slow tempo, repetitive rhythm, gentle contours, often used when trying to reduce anxiety.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of music as part of the nursing intervention, the level of anxiety and the level of adverse reactions in patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy administration.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved two groups of 25 subjects (N-50). All of them were due to primary tumor process in the lungs receiving chemotherapy. One group is in the course of administration of chemotherapy listened to soft music (study group), while the second group received chemotherapy in silence (control group). For objectifying results is used the visual analogue scale(VAS), which have been tested: anxiety, fear, worry, fatigue, comfort and relaxation. The evaluation was carried out using a specially designed questionnaire for pre and post test for both groups.

RESULTS: Anxiety, which is in both groups were lower after chemotherapy, significantly lower in the group who listened to soft music. Music had no significant effect on the feeling of fatigue and comfort. On the music were significantly reduced fear and concern, and increased sense of relaxation.

CONCLUSION: Considering that the music therapy as a non-invasive and non-pharmacological methods, simple, cheap and effective, its use as part of nursing interventions can be recommended as a suitable approach for patients suffering from lung cancer during the administration of chemotherapy.

KEY WORDS: Lung cancer, chemotherapy, nursing intervention, music therapy

Nastavi čitati Uticaj muzike na nivo anksioznosti oboljelih od karcinoma pluća tokom apliciranja hemoterapije

Prevencija anksioznosti i njen utjecaj na nivo bola kod oralno hirurške intervecije

Prevention of anxiety and its impact on the level of pain in oral surgery intervention

SAŽETAK

CILJ: U istraživanju je procjenjivana anksioznost vezana za hirurško ekstrahiranje impaktiranih trećih molara, pomoću dobijenih vrijednosti Corahovog upitnika dentalne anksioznosti i Spilbergovih koeficijenata aksioznost. Pearsonovim koeficijentima korelacija procjenjivana je povezanost navedenih parametara i njihov utjecaj na nivo bola kod hirurške extrakcije impaktiranog trećeg molara.

DIZAJN STUDIJE: U istraživanje je bio uključen 501 pacijent, muškog i ženskog pola, od 18-45 godina starosti, Nivo anksioznosti se procjenjivao upotrebom koeficijenata: DASR, X1 i X2 Prema protokolu Nakazata i autora(tab.1.), napravljene su grupe pacijenata na osnovu gradacije skorova anksoiznosti: na pacijente sa vrlo visokom, visokom, umjerenom, niskom i vrlo niskom anksioznosti. Na osnovu protokola Gedika i autora napravljene su i grupe prema dobnoj starosti pacijenata: od 18-20 godina, od 21-29 godina, od 30-39 godina i 40-45 godina. Mjerenje parametara: 1.dan.-DAS-R, X1 i X2; 2.dan- X1 i X2; 3.dan- X1,X2 i BOL.

REZULTATI: Vrijednosti mjerenih parametara: 1. dan mjerenja DASR=14,32; X1= 47,03; X2= 50,99 ; za 2.dan mjerenja X1= 46,014; X2= 50,11; za 3. dan mjerenja X1= 39,01; X2= 41,91 (tab.3,sl.9 i 10). Prosjećna vrijednost boli je 5,7.

KLJUČNE RIJEČI: prevencija, anksioznost, bol, ekstrakcija impaktiranih zuba

SUMMARY

THE OBJECTIVE: The study evaluated the anxiety related to the surgical extraction of impacted third molars, using the obtained values ​​Corah’s questionnaire dental anxiety and Spilberg’s coefficients anxiety. Pearson’s correlation coefficient evaluated the association mentioned parameters and their impact on the level of pain in the surgical extraction of impacted third molars.

STUDY DESIGN: The study included 501 patients, male and female, from 18 to 45 years of age, level of anxiety was assessed using coefficients: DASR, X1 and X2 According to the protocol to indicate the author (table 1)., Made the group of patients on the basis of graduation scores of anxiety: patients with a very high, high, moderate, low and very low anxiety. Based on the Gedik and authors protocol have been made and the group of patients by age: from 18 to 20 years, from 21 to 29 years, 30-39 years and 40-45 years. Measurement parameters: 1.dan.-DAS-R, X1 and X2; 2.dan- X 1 and X 2; 3.dan X1, X2 and BOL.

RESULTS: The values ​​of the measured parameters: Day 1 measurements DASR = 14.32; X1 = 47.03; X2 = 50.99; for Day 2 measurements X1 = 46,014; X2 = 50.11; for the third day of measurement X1 = 39.01; X2 = 41.91 (table 3, fig.9 and 10). Average value of pain was 5.7.

KEY WORDS: prevention, anxiety, pain, extraction of impacted teeth

Nastavi čitati Prevencija anksioznosti i njen utjecaj na nivo bola kod oralno hirurške intervecije

Postupci, prevencija i liječenje akutnog infarkta miokarda na klinici za kardiologiju klinike u Skopje u periodu 2012-2014.

Procedures, prevention and treatment of acute myocardial inarkt period of 2012-2014, the cardiology clinic in Skopje

Summary

INTRODUCTION: Acute myocardial infarction is an acute coronary ischemia leading to myocardial  necrosis.This disease is widespread in the world and as such is still a hot topic for processing. The benefit of its wide distribution and the fact that heart diseases are still the leading cause of death worldwide. 40% to 50% of deaths are due to heart disease. Macedonian practice shows that heart disease is present in a high percentage. Up to 60% of all deaths are attributed to this kind of disease. Survival in developed countries today is 95%.

PURPOSE: reduction of the clinical problem, the pathophysiological mechanism (decline of tissue, atherosclerosis), reduction of the symptoms (pain, dyspnea), complications (sudden death, thromboembolism, arrhythmia, heart failure progression) or new cardiovascular event, reducing the dependence of other people, increased efficiency, increased self-esteem.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: research activity is made using a statistically data JZUU Cardiology Clinic for three years and 2012. 2013. and 2014.

RESULTS: showed that the number of patients with coronary disease or acute myocardial infarction in emergency reviewed clinic- grow, and inversely proportional to age.

DISCUSSION: In 2012, there were 16,138 inspections in emergency clinic, of which 616 patients with MI.In 2013 performed 17 177 examinations of which 846 patients with me.In 2014 performed 19 423 examinations of which 1124 patients with MI. The patient with acute coronary disease or AIM (Acute Coronary Syndromes) is a medical emergency and require coordinated and efficient service from all members of the multidisciplinary team, especially on the initial assessment and treatment of these patients. In recent years there has been a real improvement of services for patients with coronary disease. Challenges remain for maximizing infrastructures and forces between them in order to deliver the best possible care to all who would benefit. The main objective is to reduce morbidity and mortality, and improvement in life expectancy, which in the course of life will have reduced exposure to risk factors related to lifestyle.

Key words: Acute coronary syndromes, stroke, coronary disease

Sažetak

UVOD: Infarkt miokarda je najteži oblik akutne ishemijske bolesti srca. U procesu nastaje potpuno začepljenje koronarne arterije što dovodi do nekroze miokarda zbog nedostatka krvi i hranljivih materija bogatih kiseonikom.

CILJ: ovog rada je utvrditi procedure za definiranje akutnog infarkta miokarda, različite faktore uzroka, sprečavanje i podizanje svijesti o faktorima rizika kod svakog pojedinca i borbi za smanjenje ili eliminaciju faktora rizika koi će biti opisani,,mozni komplikacii i najvažnije pravovremena dijagnoza i pravovremeno liječenje i sprovodzenje terapije.

MATERIJALI I METODE: Za istražovanje su korišteni statistički podaci JZUU Klinike za kardiologiju. Istraživanje je provedeno u period od tri godine i to: a 2012. 2013. i 2014. godine.

REZULTATI: pokazuju da je broj pacijenata sa koronarnom bolesti ili akutnim infarktom miokarda u stalnom porastu.

DISKUSIJA: U 2012. godini, obavljeno je 16.138 hitnih pregleda, od kojih je 616 pacijenata sa infarktom miokarda. U 2013 obavljeno 17. 177 pregleda od kojih 846 pacijenata sa infarktom miokarda, dok je u 2014 obavljeno 19. 423 pregleda od kojih 1124 pacijenata sa infarktom miokarda. Pacijent sa akutnom koronarnom bolesti ili AIM (akutnim koronarnim sindromom) je hitan slučaj i zahtijeva koordiniranu i kvalitetnu uslugu od svih članova multidisciplinarnog tima, posebno kada je u pitanju inicijalna procjena i liječenje ovih bolesnika.

ZAKLJUČAK: Cilj je smanjiti morbiditet i mortalitet, omogućiti poboljšanje životnog vijeka, te uticati na smanjenje faktorima rizika koji utiču na kvalitet života.

KLJUČNE RIJEČI: akutni koronarni sindrom, stemi, moždani udar, koronarna bolest.

Nastavi čitati Postupci, prevencija i liječenje akutnog infarkta miokarda na klinici za kardiologiju klinike u Skopje u periodu 2012-2014.